Soudan du Sud et du Nord : accord sur le dossier pétrole après le passage de Hillary Clinton

35 commentaires

Effet miracle ou tout simplement apaisant du passage de Hillary Clinton au Soudan ?
Vous me permettrez d’en douter …

Quelques heures à peine après la fin du délai imposé par l’ONU … et la visite à Juba de la secrétaire d’Etat américaine Hillary Clinton, le Soudan et le Soudan du Sud ont trouvé un accord concernant l’épineux dossier du pétrole, sujet pour lequel Khartoum et Juba s’opposent depuis la création du nouvel Etat sud soudanais en 2011, sous fond de guerre pour le partage de la manne pétrolière.

«Le pétrole va couler» a annoncé Thabo Mbeki, l’ancien président sud-africain et médiateur de l’Union Africaine (UA), après qu’un accord ait été trouvé sur l’aspect financier de la répartition de la manne pétrolière entre les deux protagonistes.

Lesquels souhaitaient visiblement bâtir une entente , avant que les Nations Uies ne prennent des sanctions contre les deux Soudan(s).
Rappelons à cet égard que les Etats-Unis, alliés du Soudan du Sud, exhortaient les parties à signer un accord, ne serait-il que «provisoire».

Précisons les puits de pétrole sont situés dans le nouvel Etat, issu de l’indépendance du Sud, en juillet 2011, alors que les voies d’exportation passent par le Nord.

Une situation et un contexte qui avaient conduit Khartoum à imposer de lourdes taxes sur le transit du brut. En retour, Juba avait fermé les biens précieux robinets, se privant de 98% de ses ressources financières.

En ce qui concerne le Soudan Nord, précisons que le conflit générait un manque à gagner important  dans un contexte social particulièrement tendu, des manifestations violentes faisant suite à des hausses de prix.

La question relative au statut final de la région frontalière d’Abyei, riche en pétrole, sera discutée lors d’un sommet entre les présidents des deux pays, prévu en septembre 2012.

(35 commentaires)

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